IB Chemistry Topic 6 & 16 Videos

This video introduces the ionic and Brønsted-Lowry theories of acids and bases, along with key concepts like conjugate pairs, amphoteric and amphiprotic species. It also reviews six key acid reactions with hydroxides, oxides, ammonia, carbonates, hydrogen carbonates, and reactive metals.

This video compares strong and weak acids and bases, explains pH and how it is calculated, and introduces the ionic product of water (Kw). It also covers titration techniques and indicators used to determine equivalence points.

This video introduces acid and base dissociation constants (Ka and Kb), their logarithmic forms (pKa and pKb), and how they relate to acid/base strength with worked examples.

This video introduces pOH as a measure of hydroxide ion concentration and explains how it relates to pH and pKw. It includes worked examples involving the conversion between pH, pOH, [H+], and [OH–].

This video covers pH curves for different acid–base combinations and how equivalence points vary. It introduces indicators, their colour changes, pH ranges, and how to select the correct one based on the titration type.

This video explains how different salts affect pH in solution through hydrolysis. It also introduces buffer solutions, how they work to resist changes in pH, and their appearance on titration curves.

This video introduces redox reactions, oxidation states, and key definitions such as oxidation, reduction, oxidising agent, and reducing agent. It explains how to write and balance half-equations in acidic solution and how to combine them into full redox equations.

This video explains how to predict whether redox reactions will occur and introduces redox titration calculations involving iron, potassium manganate, iodine, and sodium thiosulphate.

This video covers the structure and function of voltaic cells, redox reactions in electrochemical cells, and how to represent them using cell notation.

This video introduces electrolytic and rechargeable (secondary) cells, comparing their structure, reactions, and advantages to other cell types including fuel cells.

This video explains how alcohols are oxidised to form aldehydes, ketones, or acids, and how these can be reduced back to alcohols using reducing agents.

This video revisits standard electrode potentials and how to predict spontaneous redox reactions. It introduces cell potential calculations and links them to the standard free energy change (ΔG).

This video explains how aqueous electrolysis differs from molten electrolysis, focusing on competing ion discharge, prediction of products at each electrode, and exceptions involving sulfate and chloride ions.

This video covers the industrial application of electroplating and introduces calculations using current, charge, and time to predict the quantity of substances deposited during electrolysis.

This video explores alkane reactions including combustion and free radical substitution, with a focus on the initiation, propagation, and termination steps.

This video explains electrophilic addition in alkenes and nucleophilic substitution in halogenoalkanes, including definitions of electrophiles and nucleophiles.

This video introduces Lewis acids and bases and their role in electrophilic substitution reactions, focusing on the nitration of benzene and the mechanism involved.

This video explains the mechanism of electrophilic addition, introduces Markovnikov’s rule for predicting major products, and explains product distribution using carbocation stability.

This video details the SN1 and SN2 mechanisms of nucleophilic substitution in halogenoalkanes, highlighting the difference in steps, intermediate species, and preferred conditions.

This video compares stereochemical outcomes of SN1 and SN2 reactions and explains how factors like carbocation stability, steric hindrance, halogen type, solvent, and nucleophile affect the rate and pathway.