IB Biology Sub-topic C3.1 Definitions

The part of the brain that coordinates balance and fine-tunes motor skills

The largest part of the brain, divided into two hemispheres and four lobes (temporal, frontal, occipital, and parietal), responsible for higher brain functions such as speech, planning, and memory

The daily rhythm of light from day and night

The process of removing waste products from the body

Deep folds on the surface of the cerebrum that increase its surface area

An organism's ability to maintain it's internal environment

The sliding of actin and myosin filaments over each other to pull the ends of each sarcomere together and shorten the entire muscle fiber

A fatty insulating sheath around neurons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) synthesized by Schwann cells, and in the central nervous system (CNS) by oligodendrocytes

Supporting cells in the nervous system that provide structural and functional support to neurons

A nervous system cell that carries electrical impulses from the brain to the body or vice versa

A wave of muscle contraction that passes along the entire digestive tract

The sense of the relative position of body parts and strength of effort employed in movement, detected by receptors in muscles and joints

Muscle attached to bone

Deep grooves in the cerebrum that divide the hemispheres into lobes

The consistent removal and replacement of air in the lungs via inhalation and exhalation of air

The number of inhalations or exhalations per minute