IB Biology Sub-topic B2.2 Definitions

Organelles in plant cells where light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur

A protein that forms a lattice around newly forming vesicles, playing an important role in vesicle formation

Folds of the inner membrane in mitochondria, increasing the surface area for oxidative phosphorylation

Invagination of the plasma membrane around substances to form a vesicle that transports substances into the cell

Release of substances into the extra-cellular matrix through fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane

Stacks of thylakoids that optimize light absorption and are distributed throughout the stroma

The process by which light is absorbed by an organism for use in cellular processes

The cytoplasm of the mitochondria, containing enzymes for the link reaction and Krebs cycle

Organelles in cells where the link reaction, Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation occur, producing ATP

The organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains genetic material, controls the cell, and is bounded by a double nuclear membrane

Organelles responsible for protein synthesis, found free within the cytoplasm and associated with the endoplasmic reticulum

The chloroplast cytoplasm containing starch grains, lipid droplets, and enzymes for the light-independent reactions

Internal membrane systems in chloroplasts that increase surface area for light-dependent reactions

Small membrane-bound sacs formed during exocytosis or endocytosis, transporting substances within and out of the cell